A vulnerable customer is someone who, due to their personal circumstances, is especially susceptible to harm — particularly when an organisation is not acting with appropriate levels of care. Vulnerability can be permanent, temporary, or situational, and it can affect anyone at any time.
We recognise four broad drivers of vulnerability:
Health
Physical or mental health conditions, disabilities, or illnesses that affect a person's ability to carry out day-to-day tasks or engage with our services.
Life events
Major life events such as bereavement, job loss, relationship breakdown, caring responsibilities, or other significant changes in circumstance.
Resilience
Low ability to withstand financial, emotional, or other shocks — for example, financial difficulty or limited support networks.
Capability
Limited knowledge or confidence in managing certain matters, low digital or language skills, or difficulty understanding information.
These drivers can overlap and interact. We treat vulnerability as a spectrum rather than a fixed label, and we focus on the support a person needs rather than on categorising them.